Kawasaki disease with bronchopneumonia: A case report

Kawasaki syndrome (KS), also known as Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that predominantly affects pre-school aged children. It is characterized by fever, bilateral nonexudative conjunctivitis, erythema of the lips and oral mucosa, changes in the extremities, rash, and cervical lymphadenopathy, and irritation and inflammation of the mouth, lips, and throat. Serious complications of KS include coronary artery dilatations and aneurysms, and KS is a leading cause of acquired heart disease. It has a predilection to coronary arteries, and its precise etiology is still unknown. Many infectious agents, including viruses and bacteria, have been suggested as potential causes of the disease. We presented the therapeutic management and clinical outcome of a 3 years old male patient, with a height of 96cm and weight of 14.8 kilogram (underweight), who was referred to our hospital. Patient’s symptoms and laboratory data confirmed Kawasaki disease accompanied with bronchopneumonia and treated along with antibiotics, aspirin and IV Immunoglobulin G (IgG), to maintain adequate antibodies levels, prevent infections and confer a passive immunity. The patient was successfully treated by administering IgG and antibiotics without any complications. Eventually, accurate diagnosis, more targeted treatment, and preventative strategies depend on the unraveling of the immunopathogenesis of this disease.